Trabajo en ingles leyes y equilibrio quimico

Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

M.P.P. for Education

I.U.P. Santigo Mariño

Mérida, State Mérida

[pic 1]

Members:

Beomont F. Felipe A.

Date:

12/12/2017

1. Explain the dynamic nature of chemical equilibrium and classify the different types of equilibrium chemicals

Chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time.

Types of equilibrium chemicals:

• Redox balance:

In chemistry, redox is called the chemical equilibrium that occurs in a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction. An oxidation reaction to equilibrium is one of the form:

Oxidant_1 \, + \, Reducer_2 \, = \, Reducer_1 \, + \, Oxidant_2

That can be seen as the sum of two semi-reactions to equilibrium: An oxidation of a substance that acts as a reducing agent, which gives up electrons or increases its oxidation number and a reduction of a substance that acts as an oxidizing agent, which accepts electrons or decreases its oxidation number The tendency of this equilibrium is determined by the standard potentials either reduction or oxidation of both semi reactions.

• Solubility balance

Is any type of chemical equilibrium relationship between the solid and dissolved states of a compound in saturation. Solubility equilibriums involve the application of chemical principles and constants to predict the solubility of substances under specific conditions.

• Balance of complexes

The analytical chemist is interested in the equilibrium of complex formation. Like all reactivity, these equilibriums can be studied from two points of view: their chemical kinetics and their thermodynamics.

• Kinetics

Study the speed with which complex formation reactions are carried out, and their reaction mechanisms. From the point of view of kinetics, coordination complexes can be divided into:

• Labile: Its rate of decomposition (in the sense of equilibrium) is high. There is no established agreement about what speed is considered high, depending on the text it is considered a total decomposition in 5 seconds, but it is not a rigorous measure of speed in chemistry.

• Inert: Its decomposition speed is very low. Nor is there an established agreement, but in many cases an inert complex is considered to be one that is capable of being isolated and characterized in an oxidizing atmosphere, and its properties remain constant over time.

Thermodynamics

Study the energies involved in the formation / decomposition reactions, as well as the relationships of compounds in equilibrium.

1. Express the factors affecting the chemical equilibrium

To understand the factors that affect or cause the displacement of chemical equilibrium, here is the origin of Le Châtelier that was formulated by the French chemist Henry Louis Le Châtelier in the year 1888 Y and which states the following:

• Principle of Le Châtelier: This principle establishes that if a system in equilibrium is a disturbance or tension, the system reacted in such a way that the effect of the tension will decrease. According to this principle, there may be variations in concentration, changes in temperature or pressure.

• Concentration: is the ratio or ratio between the amount of solute and the amount of solution or solvent, where the solute is the substance that dissolves, the solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute, and the dissolution is the result of the homogeneous mixture of the previous two.
• Temperature: physical magnitude that reflects the amount of heat, whether from a body, an object or the environment.
• Pressure: scalar magnitude that relates the force with the surface on which it acts, that is, it is equivalent to the force acting on the surface

1. Interpret calculate equilibrium constants and free energy changes

Constant Balance

The chemical reactions that take place in a closed container can reach a state of equilibrium that is characterized by the values ​​of the reactants and the products remain unchanged over time. That is, under certain conditions of pressure and temperature the reaction does not progress further and is said to be at equilibrium.

...