Present Perfect

PRESENT PERFECT

FORM

To form the present perfect, we use the auxiliary verb "to have" in the present and the past participle of the verb. For regular verbs, the past participle is the simplest form of the past.

SSUBJECT AUXILIARY SHORT FORM PAST PARTICIPLE

I, You, We, They have I've, you've, we've, they've talked, learned, traveled...

He, She, It has he's, she's, it's talked, learned, traveled...

STRUCTURE

 Affirmative Sentences

Subject + Auxiliary Verb ("to have") + Past Participle

Examples:

I've talked to Peter. (He hablado con Peter.)

She's gone to work. (Ha ido a su trabajo.)

We've been to London. (Hemos ido a Londres.)

They've learned English. (Han aprendido inglés.)

 Negative Sentences

Subject + Auxiliary Verb ("to have") + "not" + Past Participle

Examples:

I haven't talked to Peter. (No he hablado con Peter.)

She hasn't gone to work. (No ha ido a su trabajo.)

We haven't been to London. (No hemos ido a Londres.)

They haven't learned English. (No han aprendido inglés.)

 Interrogative Sentences

Auxiliary verb ("to have") + Subject + Past Participle

Examples:

Have you talked to Peter? (¿Has hablado con Peter?)

Has she gone to work? (¿Ha ido a su trabajo?)

Have you been to London? (¿Has ido a Londres?)

Have they learned English? (¿Han aprendido inglés?)

USES

The perfect present is used for actions that occurred in a non-specific time before now. The specific time is not important. You can use the present perfect with no specific time expressions ("never", "ever", "many times", "for", "since", "already", "yet").

 The present perfect is used to describe an experience. Do not use for specific actions.

Example:

I have never flown in a plane. (Nunca he volado en un avión.)

 The present perfect is used to change over time.

Example:

I have become more timid in my old age. (Me he vuelto más tímido en mi vejez.)

 It is used for successful.

Example:

Our football team has won the championship three times. (Nuestro equipo de fútbol ha ganado el campeonato tres veces.)

 We use the present perfect for actions that have not yet happened. The use of the present perfect in these cases indicates that we are still waiting for action, therefore, frequently use adverbs "yet" and "still".

Example:

The plane hasn't

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