Tecnicas De Higuiene Bronquial

Technique Definition Pathologies - indications Evidence level – grades of recommendations, with references

Autogenic drainage (AD) Series of breathing exercises that aim to

increase the flow of air in the lungs in

order to move secretions and improve ventilation. COPD

Cystic fibrosis Grade C 1

Grade B 2

Postural Drainage Postural drainage uses gravity to help drain mucus into the mouth by placing the body in specific positions. Each position drains different areas (lobes) of the lung. The mucus can then be spit or coughed out. AcuteBronchitis Bronchiectasis Bronchiolitis CysticFibrosis Emphysema FamilialEmphysema Lung abscess

Pursed lip breathing Respiration characterized by deep inspirations followed by prolonged expirations through pursed lips. It is done to increase expiratory airway pressure, improve oxygenation of the blood, and help prevent early airway closure COPD

Asthma

Emphysema

Stroke

Autonomic failure

Myotonic muscular dystrophy

Positive Expiratory Pressure (PEP) Therapy

During PEP therapy the patient exhales against a fixed-orifice resistor or a threshold resistor, generating preset pressures in the range of 10 to 20 cm H2O. These expiratory pressures may combat atelectasis by splinting open terminal airways and collapsible alveoli. The splinting of small airways also aids in mobilization of secretions that may be trapped or plugged due to airway closure.

Active Cycle of Breathing Technique ACBT is a technique which uses breathing exercises to remove phlegm from your lungs. ACBT can be performed in sitting, lying or side-lying positions. Initially you should start in a sitting position until you are comfortable and confident to try different ones. COPD

Bronchiectasis

Cystic fibrosis

Percussion Percussion (or chest clapping) involves clapping of the chest wall at a frequency of approximately 3-6 Hz in order to produce an energy wave, which is transmitted through the chest wall to the airways. Percussion is a useful technique to help mobilise mucus and may stimulate increased tidal volumes and coughing in infants and children

Flutter

Acapella

RC-Cornet

Inspiratory Controlled Debit Exercises (EDIC) They are slow, deep inspiratory maneuvers performed in lateral decubitus positioning the region to be treated in supralateral. This position takes regional expansion effects passive peripheral airspaces obtained by lung hyperinflation supralateral Relative increased diameter and cross the chest obtained by deep inspiration. Bronchiectasis

Bronchiolitis

Bronchial obstruction

hyperinflation thoracopulmonary

COPD

Asthma

Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation (IPV) is a technique which utilizes high frequency oscillatory ventilation to produce endotracheal percussion via a device called the Percussionator. The Percussionator is an adaptation of a pneumatic high frequency ventilator in which high flow jets of gas are delivered to the airways by a flow interrupter called a Phasitron Bronchitis and bronchiectasis Bronchopneumonia COPD.

Cystic fibrosis

Neuromuscular disorders which produce pulmonary symptoms

Restrictive lung disease with recurrent atelectasis

Post thoracic and abdominal surgery

Patient refractory to traditional bronchial hygiene methods

Patients with artificial airways who are unable to maintain clear lungs

Vibration Vibrations involve shaking of the chest wall. The hands are placed on the chest wall the normal movement of the ribs is transmitted through the chest wall. Vibration produces a lower frequency of oscillation than percussion but produces higher expiratory flow rates than PEP or oscillating

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