Fidel, A Man Who Creates Controversy & Raul Castro "His Brother"

Fidel, a man who creates controversy & Raul Castro “His Brother”

Rated by the magazine TIME as one of the 100 most influential people in the world, Fidel Castro Ruz, has been a man who generates controversy, how would you describe the own article which includes in addition to American Presidents, Benjamin Franklin, Abraham Lincoln and George Washington. Some call it the second Jesus Christ, while for others it is the devil personified, however when he is speaking of the history of the second half of the 20th century and early 21st, will have to mention it unquestionably. Was born on August 13, 1926 in Birán, a town in the Eastern Province of Holguin. Angel and Lina, parents came from families of farmers, the first of Galicia, Spain, and his mother from Pinar del Rio, West of Cuba. In a rural public school, he learned to read and write, and then continued the primary level the Catholic private schools of La Salle and Dolores, in the city of Santiago de Cuba. He later moved to Havana to complete their Bachelor studies in letters at the Colegio de Belén, of the Society of Jesus. The Jesuits in Bethlehem told him: "Fidel Castro was always distinguished in all subjects related to the letters (...) It was a real athlete, he has managed to win the admiration and affection of all. It will be a law and we have no doubt that you will fill with glossy pages the book of your life. Fidel has wood and do not miss the artist." In 1945, he enrolled in the Universidad de La Habana (UH) as aspiring to the title of Doctor in law and public accountant that institution would begin to form his revolutionary thinking. At the University "I had not any political culture, or in the economic order, social order, or the ideological agenda", he expressed in an interview to the Italian Publisher Giancomo Feltrinelli. Political awareness - later explained to the Brazilian theologian Frei Betto - not purchased it because it proceeded from a poor, rural, humble proletarian class, but through thinking, reasoning and the development of a feeling and a deep conviction. As part of his political activity in those years, he organized and participated in countless acts of protest and denunciation of the bosom of the students, where he held various positions in the University student Federation, against the political and social situation in the country. More than once he was beaten or imprisoned by repressive forces. His Marxist thought was formed during their college student. Supporter of the party of the Cuban people (Orthodox), of progressive trend, participated actively from 1948 in the political campaigns of that party and, in particular, of its principal leader, Eduardo Chibás. He graduated as a Doctor in Civil law and a degree in law diplomat in 1950. From his law firm, was devoted mainly to defend people and humble sectors. Upon the occurrence of the State of Fulgencio Batista coup on 10 March 1952, was the first to denounce the reactionary and illegitimate nature of the regime than de facto and call for his overthrow. He organized and trained a large contingent of more than a thousand young workers, employees and students, which came mainly from Orthodox ranks. With 160 of them, on July 26, 1953 he commanded the assault the Moncada barracks in Santiago de Cuba and Bayamo barracks, in an action conceived as a trigger for armed struggle against the Batista regime. Fail factor surprise, was taken prisoner later put on trial and sentenced to 15 years in prison. He took his self-defense before the Court which judged him, and uttered the allegation known as history will absolve me, that outlined the program of the future revolution in Cuba. As a result of strong pressure and grassroots campaigns, he was released in May 1955. In the subsequent weeks he deployed an intense work of agitation and denunciation, and founded the 26th of July movement to continue the revolutionary struggle. Along with other prominent revolutionaries were training with long walks through the streets of the city of Mexico, scaling mountains, self-defense tactics of guerrillas and shooting practice. They bought the yacht Granma, which sailed toward Cuba at dawn on November 25, 1956, from the Río Tuxpan, with 82 combatants on board, whose average age was 27 years. After 7 days at sea, landed on 2 December in Las Coloradas, South Coast West of the old province of Oriente. Batistianas forces located the landing and paralyzing the expedition members. On 5 December, the army of the tyranny surprised joy of Pio to Fidel and his fighters. The revolutionaries were decimated, several fall detained during the persecution and many are killed on the spot. With the valuable collaboration of the peasants, Fidel is with Raul in Cinco Palmas and brings together the revolutionary force. Part then to the Sierra Maestra to continue from there the revolutionary struggle, being born so the initial nucleus of the rebel army. On January 17, 1957, he directed the first action armed against the Batista's army at the headquarters of La Plata and earned his first victory. The rebel army began to grow and strengthen. At the beginning of 1958, the revolutionary movement decides to hasten the downfall of the tyrant by a general strike with characteristics of insurrection. In the Sierra Maestra, Fidel Castro creates two new columns under the command of the Raúl commanders Castro and Juan Almeida, respectively, who must open two fronts’ guerrillas in mountainous areas in the East. In fierce fighting and battles rebel troops defeat tyranny battalions who manage to penetrate into the saw and they are forced to withdraw. This is the final turn. The bourgeois opposition parties, which until then have maneuvered to capitalize on the popular rebellion, are quick to recognize the undisputed leadership of Fidel Castro. Rebel columns depart to various parts of the national territory, including the commanders, Ernesto Che Guevara and Camilo Cienfuegos, who make their way to the province of Las Villas. After the resounding defeat of the troop’s elites of tyranny, at dawn of January 1, 1959, Fidel enters victorious in the garrison of Santiago de Cuba and faces, with a revolutionary general strike, heeded by all workers, the coup in the capital of the Republic. January 8 Fidel enters Havana together with freedom Caravan. Three pigeons perch on the railing of the gallery. One of these, insistent, rises on the left shoulder to Fidel, and the crowd shouting mob: "Fidel, Fidel!” Some saw it as a divine blessing but most saw it as a wonderful coincidence. The Act closed the freedom caravan tour ended around two o'clock in the morning of January 9, 1959. At the conclusion of the insurrectional struggle, maintained his duties as Commander in Chief. On February 13, 1959 he was appointed Prime Minister of the revolutionary Government. Since the beginning of the Cuban revolution he led and participated in all the actions in defense of the country and the revolution in cases of military aggression coming from abroad or activities of counterrevolutionary gangs within the country. He strategically directed the participation of hundreds of thousands of Cuban fighters in internationalist missions in Algeria, Syria, Angola, Ethiopia and other countries, and has promoted and organized the contribution of tens of thousands of doctors, teachers and Cuban technicians who have provided services in more than 40 countries of the third world, as well as studies in Cuba by tens of thousands of students from those countries. More recently, it has promoted the comprehensive programmers of assistance and Cuban cooperation in the field of health in many countries of Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the establishment in Cuba's national inter schools of medical sciences, sport, and physical education and other disciplines for students of the third world. It has promoted globally the battle of the third world against the existing international economic order, in particular the external debt, the waste of resources as a result of military expenditures and the neoliberal globalization, as well as efforts by the unity and the integration of Latin America and the Caribbean. He has headed the decisive action of the Cuban people to deal with the effects of the economic blockade imposed on Cuba by the United States since made over forty years and the consequences in economic terms of the collapse of the European Socialist community, and has promoted the tenacious effort of the Cuban people to overcome serious difficulties stemming from these factors, their resistance during the so-called special period and the resumption of growth and economic development of the country. He mocked almost 700 plans attacks on his life, and his 88 years and after having renounced their political responsibilities in 2006 for health reasons has been dedicated to writing about global issues, becoming an active participant in the struggle of ideas. By its moral authority, it influences strategic and important decisions of the revolution. After several years living away from public life, he began a series of visits in the year 2010 to centers located in the Cuban capital and meet with fighters, scientists, economists, young people and politicians in Cuba; warning about the serious dangers of a new war in the Middle East and the terrible threat to the species human which means the destruction of the environment. Since he assumed the leadership of the Cuban revolution in 2006, following the resignation of his brother Fidel to all political responsibilities for health problems, Raúl Castro Ruz has been better known in the international fields. However its role in the process Cuban independence is not confined only to these eight years as President of the Councils of State and Ministers of the Republic of Cuba and first Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba. Born on June 3, 1931 in the village of Biran, Holguin, began his studies in the city of Santiago de Cuba and later moved to Havana. There he completed secondary school and entered the University, where he participated in the student struggle against the corrupt Government of Carlos Prío Socarrás and the tyranny of Fulgencio Batista Zaldivar. In 1953 he attended the international defense of the rights of Youth Conference, which was held in Vienna, Austria as a delegate. He was invited to participate in the meeting of the Committee international preparatory of the IV World Festival of youth and students in Bucharest, Hungria. July 26 of 1953, under the orders of his brother mayor Fidel, he led a group that took the courthouse to support the main action directed to assault the Moncada. He was only 22 years old. He was arrested later the facts and sentenced to prison for 13 years. It was located, along with the rest of his companions, in one of the rooms of the hospital of the national prison of island of pines, separated from the common prisoners by a brick wall that was built for that purpose. Shortly after was allowed to receive a visit a month and any correspondence, which always was severely reviewed and censored. Like the rest of his companions refused to accept the dinner on December 24, 1953 in protest for the killings by the army and the rural guard during the events of the Moncada. Ten times the criminal received telegrams signed by the Minister of the Interior, Ramón Hermida, in which ordering the transfer of Raul to Havana to appear as a defendant before the Court of urgency as responsible for an offence against the public order in the 412 cause of 1953. On all occasions the prison Supervisor claimed different excuses for not complying with the order: false diseases of Raul, lack of escorts, lack of passages, among others. On March 29, 1955, Raul was punished with 30 days of deprivation of visits and communications as well as his brother Fidel, by an article of the leader of the movement July 26 that had appeared in the Bohemian magazine under the title of "Letter on the amnesty" and that denounced the politic maneuver that was hiding after the projects of amnesty which drove the regime at the Congress. Raul was considered an accomplice of Fidel in the elaboration of the article and the mocking of the criminal authorities doing come to Bohemia. Thanks to the amnesty on May 15, 1955 he was released along with his companions of political imprisonment. The persecution of the tyranny forced him to isolate in the Embassy of Mexico and then to move to that country. In Aztec land participated in the preparations for the expedition that culminated in the landing of the Granma, on December 2, 1956. After the dispersion that followed Pius joy, stood in front of a small group of four members of the expedition until December 18 in which managed to reunite with Fidel in the place known by five Palms in Vicana Purial. He participated in the campaign of the Sierra Maestra, and on February 27, 1958, on their merits, Fidel ascends it Commander. Then they assigned to it through the then province of East as head of a column, to open, to the northeast of that territory, the II front Oriental Frank País, which led to the end of the war of liberation. After the first of January 1959 revolutionary triumph was appointed head military of East province. In the month of October of that year, with the creation of the Ministry of the revolutionary armed forces (MINFAR), was appointed Minister, who served until February 24, 2008.Por services to the defense of the country, on November 15, 1976 was promoted to the grade of General of the army. On 27 February 1998, by agreement of the Council of State, to celebrate the 40th anniversary of his promotion to Commander of the rebel army, was awarded with the Commander of the revolution Juan Almeida Bosque, the honorary title of hero of the Republic of Cuba and the maximum order Gomez's first degree, in consideration of his long career, his big revolutionary merits and the dedication to duty during these years. He has also received other national awards and foreign. Raul has directed his Administration's effort to the improvement of the model of socialism on the island. Under its mandate was given course to a series of measures aimed at achieving this end. Under his chairmanship has continued the same line of the foreign policy that kept his brother Fidel. This is based on the free self-determination of peoples, respect for international law, fight for the integration of Latin American and the cooperation south - South, and selfless practice of proletarian internationalism. In February 2010, Raul headed the Cuban delegation to the II Summit of unity of Latin America and the Caribbean (CALC) considered the maximum economic political event held in the region of Latin America and the Caribbean in 2010. The meeting in the Mexican resort of Cancun, located in the area of the Riviera Maya, served to establish the schedule for the subsequent Foundation of CELAC. Between days 2 and 3 December, Raúl Castro headed the Cuban delegation to the founding Summit of the community of Latin American and Caribbean (CELAC), composed of 33 Latin and Caribbean. The army General, Raúl Castro Ruz has made notable contributions to the revolution as a political leader, statesman and military leader. In this last aspect, stresses the decisive participation at the head of the Ministry of the revolutionary armed forces, on the results achieved in the preparation of the country for the defense and the practical application of the concept of the war of all the people. During some of his interventions at meetings of the National Assembly of people's power, maximum organ of Government in Cuba, announced this would be his last term.

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