Electrólisis de cloruro de sodio en solución acuosa

1.5.3 Electrólisis de cloruro de sodio en solución acuosa.

Cuando el cloruro de sodio se disuelve en agua se produce la ionización, y en la celda electrolítica existen cuatro clases de iones; dos positivos (Na+ y H+) y dos negativos (Cl- y OH-):

        NaCl + H-OH                                Na+ + Cl- + H+ + OH-        [pic 1]

Los iones H+ y Na+ son atraídos por el cátodo, pero solo el hidrógeno gana un electrón y se transforma en átomo, no así el sodio, ya que tiene mayor potencial eléctrico.

2H+ + 2e-                            H20       se descarga (reducción)[pic 2]

2Na+                                     2Na+     no se descarga.[pic 3]

Los iones Na+ y OH+ quedan en la solución y reaccionan:

Na+ + OH-                                               NaOH[pic 4]

Por lo tanto se obtiene:

2NaCl + 2H20                                               2NaOH + H20  + Cl20[pic 5]

En el proceso electrolítico del cloruro de sodio en solución acuosa, se produce:

1. Cloro gas en el ánodo: Cl20
2. Hidrógeno gas en el cátodo: H20
3. Hidróxido de Sodio: 2Na+                                          2Na+[pic 6]

                                            2OH-                             2OH-[pic 7]

1. ¿Qué condiciones se requieren para que exista corriente eléctrica?
Que existan electrones libres y potencial.
2. ¿Qué entiende por electrolito?
Es un sistema líquido conductor de la electricidad. Puedes ser: ácidos, bases y sales orgánicas.

Name: Jonathan Gonza 

Course:  2 BGU    ‘‘C’’

Thanksgiving Day

It is a traditional celebration of the United States and Canada.

This date celebrates a national tradition that brings together families and friends to share, give thanks and enjoy traditional food of this festival, like turkey and pumpkin candy.

The story goes that the first Thanksgiving in America was a three-day celebration in Plymouth Colony

It is also an opportunity to enjoy the traditional dishes of the occasion as the turkey with a special sauce made with juice roast, ham, mashed potatoes, corn, pasta stuffing, cranberry sauce, pumpkin and bread. And for dessert, we typically eat a variety of cakes of various flavors-apple, blueberry, pumpkin and walnuts. The ingredients used symbolize the history and tradition of this holiday.

In the United States it is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November although originally it was done last Thursday. In Canada, meanwhile, is celebrated on the second Monday in October. Usually in this festival gather around a family and friends to share a banquet table. Although religious in origin, is considered a secular holiday.

It is one of the most important celebrations in the United States and marks the start of the Christmas shopping season.

this celebration was started by the native Indians of Massachusetts was received amicably and shared with pilgrims knowledge about crop on earth and taught them to hunt and cure meat of animals of the area and then to celebrate that had survived a very hard winter and had a bountiful harvest that would help them face the next, the Pilgrims held a great dinner. They invited the native Indians to thank your help. The first Thanksgiving celebration lasted several days. Both the Indians and the Pilgrims shared food, drink and fun.

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