LOGISTICA

LOGISTICS

1. DEFINITION:

It is an operational function includes all activities and processes necessary for the strategic management of the flow and storage of raw materials and components , in-process inventory and finished products , in such a way that they are in the right amount at the right place at the appropriate time

Determines and coordinates logistics optimally the right product, the right client , the right place and the right time. Assuming the role of marketing is to stimulate demand , the role of logistics is precisely satisfy .

Only through a detailed analysis of demand in terms of level , location and time, it is possible to determine the starting point for achieving bottom of logistics activity , the increased demand in terms of cost and effectiveness.

Logistics is not therefore a functional activity but a model , a framework , not an operational role , but a planning mechanism , it is a way of thinking that will even reduce uncertainty in an unknown future.

1.2. Elements of the logistics chain

 Customer Service.

 Transport and distribution

 The supplies

 Inventories

 storage.

Together these activities achieve customer satisfaction and cost reduction company, which is one of the factors by which companies are required to focus on logistics.

1.2.1. 1.2. Logistics system organizational

1.2.2. Logistics integration in the company, along the canal, is accentuated through information and coordination of strategies of all organizations involved in the production chain.

1.2.3.

1.2.4. Having established a logistic function in the organization, the next stage logistics management and outsourcing activities thereof. The aim is to centralize the fundamental objective of all efforts on the core business and let others do the ancillary activities.

1.2.5. Thus, ancillary activities are outsourced to other companies and logistics function then becomes the management, control and monitoring of the supply chain, which is the last stage of the logistics outsourcing.Etapas organizativas

Se puede decir que las empresas, desde el punto de vista organizativo, se sitúan en alguna de las siguientes etapas, según su estudio realizado por el Centro Español de Logística

Characteristics of the stages

Primary stage dilute Logistics activities in functional areas. Primary stage dilute Logistics activities in functional areas.

Secondary Stage • Organization non-integrated logistics functions within the company . Secondary Stage • Organization non-integrated logistics functions within the company .

• You can see the functional specialization in the flow of materials. • You can see the functional specialization in the flow of materials.

• No integration from the point of view of information generated by the flow . • No integration from the point of view of information generated by the flow .

1.3. Flow of materials and information

Logistics activity generated within the business flows in both directions, the materials or downstream and upstream information or that goes against.

Material flow

Is made from the raw material to the final consumer of the finished product or service

Flow of information

It runs in the opposite direction to that of materials, ranging from the client to the origin of supplies.

1.3. Factors influencing the logistics

1.3.1. Globalization of markets :

 The globalization of international industries and market strategies are the ones who decide the places of production , inventory and marketing.

Wherever  companies to operate long logistics costs as a percentage of total cost , are generally higher in international operations.

 The transport international cargo movements are much more complicated in terms of documentation , planning and regulation.

 The companies integrate international and domestic markets , and come with a global perspective buyers and suppliers .

1.3.2 . Change in the attitude of governments

 The deregulation by governments of developed countries in various sectors were many changes in logistics principles .

 Main deregulated sectors :

 Transportation in various countries

 Banking

 Communications . They have had a great impact on the development of logistics, with new communication systems, satellite and the Internet. }

 1.2.6 . Structural changes in business

 Restructuring  mediantes organizations mergers and acquisitions . Employment plans and other options.

 Changes  vertical hierarchical organizations to flat , which have greatly influenced cost reductions with respect to logistics.

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 1.2.7 . technological change

 The very rapid change in technology, in information technology, both hardware and software , have sought new and fabulous tools for calculation , control , design, etc. .

 For logistics , technological change is an important aid every day driving this activity to a :

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 Greater integration and management 

 Cutting time 

  Cost Reduction

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 1.3. ADVANTAGES OF LOGISTICS

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  To increase competitiveness and improve profitability to undertake the challenge of globalization.

  Optimize management and logistics management domestic and international trade .

  optimal coordination of all factors that influence the buying decision : quality, reliability , price, packaging , distribution, protection , service.

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 Management Magnified view to convert the logistic model, a framework , a mechanism for planning of internal and external activities of the company.

The traditional definition of logistics claims the product acquires its value when the customer receives in time and in the right way , at the lowest cost .

1.3. DISADVANTAGES OF LOGISTICS

 Undue influence of logistics manager

 Excessive production influence

 attitude towards change

1.4. In logistics , customer service will involve :

1.4.1 . Degree of certainty:

Not so need to get faster to transport , getting for sure , with minimal variation range .

1.4.2 . Degree of reliability :

A chain is made up of different links . That is a chain. If you add some that are not related , are segmented responsibilities, the end customer loses confidence , apparently older misinterpretation vaguely identifiable and accountable . The client must be able to express what their criteria of reliability, how they should be cared understood .

1.4.3 . Flexibility :

Means that the provider can adapt efficiently to peak demand. A logistics operator considered excessive application efficiency when seasonally jumps , know what is value for your client. }

1.4.4 . Qualitative aspects :

It is here , not the quality of the product , but the service, which should be sought homogeneity throughout the logistics chain. In many cases , carefully cared for the production process is carefully designed packaging ( packaging) , you get to say how it should be transported and stored in the tank. But few companies that take care of how they will get to the customer such products.

1.2.6 . Continuous improvement :

Every day should reconsider the parameters manifest evil , according to the intended targets , but also those who are well . It is much healthier internally questioning what apparently is good, you do the market. Improved logistical variables should be understood as a requirement.

The physical distribution and materials management are processes that are integrated into the logistics , because of their direct relationship , the first provides customers a level of service required by them , optimizing the transport and storage costs from production sites consumption sites , the second costs optimize material flow from suppliers to the distribution chain to the criterion JIT .

The JIT is part of logistics activities . It is a management philosophy that strives to eliminate waste by producing the right part in the right place at the right time. The waste resulting from any activity that adds cost without adding value JIT (also known as production support ) .

The components of logistics management , beginning with the entries that are raw materials , human resources , finance and information , these complement both managerial and logistical activities , which combine logistics containing outputs , which are all the features and benefits obtained by good logistics management .

1.2.5.1. 1.3. Decisions logistics manager

1.2.5.2. The logistics manager of a business must make decisions in various areas related to this function.

1.2.5.3. 1.3.1. Types decision

1.2.5.4. 1.3.1.1. strategic decisions

Key areas in developing logistics strategies

Needs Strategic level of service for each customer segment. Needs Strategic level of service for each customer segment.

Structural level  operational integration or chain design. Structural level  operational integration or chain design.

Choosing  competitive distribution system at minimum cost. Choosing  competitive distribution system at minimum cost.

 Function

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