IA Draft Guide

IA Draft Guide

Delete all of the writing in italics/red & use the entire regular font/underlined as your section headings & subheadings.  

Formatting – font: 12pt , Times New Roman; between sections double spaced, within sections single spaced; every diagram, table, figure must be given a number and title; pages numbered; decent size margins so I can leave comments; written from 1st person perspective.

No more than 2250 words in length.

                                                                             Name: Luis Goldenberg

                                                                                  Date:  10/06/23

IB Environmental Systems and Societies

IA Task

Word Count:

Research Question: To what extent does the Peruvian Universities' reputation influence the student perception of mining in the rural zones of Peru?

Context:  Mining in Peru is one of the strongest industries in the country, this country is the second extractor of silver, 8th place in gold, and second place in cooper This economic activity 16% of  GDP and giving directly 243k direct jobs without counting the indirect ones, being one of the principal reasons of the Peruvian development of the exponential economic growth of Peru in the last 30 years, having its best years between 2009 and 2012 growing approximately 8% per year, and reducing poverty from 58% to  20,3 % before pandemics following the INEI (national statistic institute). And it still has growth potential and capacity for exploration in new zones and new foreign and local investment in rural zones of the country.

However, mining in Peru has also experienced social and environmental problems that continue until nowadays intensified in 2022 with Pedro Castillo´s government. From the social point of view, mining has generated social confrontation between local native communities, the government, and the multinational with the licitation and premises. Historically the native communities had demanded more participation in the decision-making of the rural zones and a fair distribution of mining incomes this added to regional governments who catch these protests as a scapegoat for their corruption and incompetence with the administration of taxes, generating resentment and violence. These protests are also opinionated by the bad planning of mining projects that compromise land and water resources with the residual chemicals of the native communities that get polluted, especially the mineral treatment that causes a degradation in ecosystems and fertility of lands directly affecting micro agriculture and deforestation.

Is clear that the primordial idea is to make an equilibrium between economic development and sustainability making an Environmental Model considering EVS and the benefits and consequences of mining but the consensus seems impossible because of political and particular interests, this added to the increasing amount of illegal and artisanal mining with an uncontrolled money income and uncontrolled pollution by the use of chemicals as Hg and illegal deforestation.

In the Political aspect different alternatives were discussed since the 2nd government of Alan Garcia (2006-2011) but the situation reached its highest intensity during Pedro Castillo ́s government with an antimining policy and violent manifestations fomented by the ex Prime Ministers Mirtha Vazquez and Anibal Torres.

I decided to make a correlation between mining perception and the university's reputation because the next people who will aboard these themes in a political, economic, and practical way are there and the reputation of the universities can affect their mining perception and the position they will take in future to discuss this social problem and because is an ESS the

me of national reality, for me is important to situate the correlation between universities reputation and students opinion to identify an EVS average in the university and a possible link with political biased.

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Planning

ESS allows for a broad range of studies that could be scientific or social-science based.

• The topic of the investigation is identified and a relevant and fully focused research question is clearly described.
• The background information provided for the investigation is entirely appropriate and relevant and enhances the understanding of the context of the investigation.

When justifying the choice of the sampling strategy, this could mean explaining the method of sampling recipients in a questionnaire, but could also mean the selection of the number of repeats and the control of variables in a laboratory test. 

• The methodology of the investigation is highly appropriate to address the research question because it takes into consideration all, or nearly all, of the significant factors that may influence the relevance, reliability and sufficiency of the collected data.
• The report shows evidence of full awareness of the significant safety, ethical or environmental issues that are relevant to the methodology of the investigation. You must address this, where necessary, paying attention to the IB animal experimentation policy (which includes guidelines on working with human subjects), and should write about their strategies for upholding safety and/or ethical standards in the report.

Research Question:  To what extent does the Peruvian Universities' reputation influence the student perception of mining in the rural zones of Peru?

Hypothesis:  The Universities with high reputations in finance and sciences will have a positive perspective of mining and lower awareness of environmental measures while the universities with reputations in humanities will have a negative perspective on mining and lower awareness of economic development.

Table 1: Variables Selected for this Experiment

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