Programa de enseñanza de las cuatro habilidades lingüísticas del estudiante

Programa de Formación:

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Nombre del Proyecto:

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Resultados de Aprendizaje: identificar las oportunidades que el SENA ofrece en el marco de la formación profesional de acuerdo con el contexto nacional e internacional. Competencia: promover la interacción idónea consigo mismo, con los demás y con la naturaleza en los contextos laboral y social

Duración de la guía ( en horas):

2

El propósito de esta guía es Integrar las cuatro habilidades de la lengua para que el aprendiz adquiera las destrezas en la interpretación de manuales y textos técnicos en inglés de acuerdo a su campo de estudio.

3.1 Actividades de Reflexión inicial.

Make a list of the vocabulary that you remember (in English) related to Circuits. Use dictionary.

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3.2 Actividades de contextualización e identificación de conocimientos necesarios para el aprendizaje.

1. Read the text you find in this link carefully.

How circuits work?

Have you ever wondered what happens when you flip a switch to turn on a light, TV, vacuum cleaner or computer? What does flipping that switch accomplish? In all of these cases, you are completing an electric circuit, allowing a current, or flow of electrons, through the wires.

An electric circuit is in many ways similar to your circulatory system. Your blood vessels, arteries, veins and capillaries are like the wires in a circuit. The blood vessels carry the flow of blood through your body. The wires in a circuit carry the electric current to various parts of an electrical or electronic system.

Your heart is the pump that drives the blood circulation in the body. It provides the force or pressure for blood to circulate. The blood circulating through the body supplies various organs, like your muscles, brain and digestive system. A battery or generator produces voltage -- the force that drives current through the circuit.

Circuits can be huge power systems transmitting megawatts of power over a thousand miles -- or tiny microelectronic chips containing millions of transistors. This extraordinary shrinkage of electronic circuits made desktop computers possible. The new frontier promises to be nanoelectronic circuits with device sizes in the nanometers (one-billionth of a meter).

In this article, we'll learn about the two basic types of electric circuits:

• Power circuits transfer and control large amounts of electricity. Examples are power lines and residential and business wiring systems. The major components of power circuits are generators at one end and lighting systems, motors, heating systems or household appliances at the other end. In between are power lines, transformers and circuit breakers.

• Electronic circuits process and transmit information. Think computers, radios, TVs, radars and cell phones.

2. Write True or False. If the sentence is false, make it correct.

a. An electric circuit is a flow of protons. _________

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b. In the text the flow of electricity is compared with traffic on the city. _________

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c. There are two types of circuits: electronic and power circuits. _________

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d. Nanoelectronic circuits are huge. _________

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3.3 Actividades de apropiación.

3. Read the following text carefully:

Circuit Basics

Just as your heart produces the pressure to make blood circulate, a battery or generator produces the pressure or force to push electrons around a circuit. Voltage is the force and is measured in volts (V). A typical flashlight battery produces 1.5V, and the standard household electrical voltage is 110V or 220V.

Electrical current, or flow of electrons, is measured in amperes (A). The product of electric force (in volts) and current (in amperes) is electrical power, measured in watts (W). A battery generating 1.5V and producing a current flow of 1A through a flashlight bulb delivers 1.5V•1A = 1.5W of electrical power.

The blood flowing through your body doesn't get a free ride. The walls of the blood vessels impede the flow, and the smaller the blood vessel, the more the resistance to flow. Some of the pressure produced by your heart is just for pushing blood through blood vessels. As electrons move through wires, they bump into atoms. This impedes the flow of the electrons. The wire offers resistance to the flow of the current. The amount of resistance depends on the material,

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