Reduction of Hazardous Waste

Reduction of

Hazardous Waste

from

High School Chemistry Laboratories

Editor -

Dr_ Oeorge R. Wahl, JL

DepartmenL 01

North Carolina Stale univ€rsity

 NC 27695-8204

 731-2941

sponsor  

Polhlhn Prevention Pays Program

Nonh Cerol'na Departmenl

Neural Resources and

Community Deve•ment

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 01 Contents

4        Dis&bner Participants

        7        l. IntrodLEion

Sponsor ea.ck»nd pres•nl Project Irrwemarna_lion

Phibsophy

Legs # Eäter

Rkk O*-aves

        1 1        n. Importance of Laboratory Work

        13        Ill. Chemistry Lab outline

25        IV. Invento•y  comments

Features ot a Ooca hvemory Availabh Prof

V. Informaüon on Some Chernlca's Veed in Sch0ötg

Lists of Restriaed Chemicals

Justiflcaüon 'or use Chemicals

Taadler æspons.iuhv  Perspøaive

G2055ary

        35        "Chemoa List*

        49        VI. Treatment of Hazardous Waste

Cornrærcial

Ctpmk*l EKcnam•s

2

Amnesty Days

Less is Better

In House Treatment

        52        Disclaimer

Recovery of Silver

Carbon Disulfide

Inorganic Cyanides

Strong Acids and Bases

        57          Hazardous Material Spills

Containment

Information on How to Clean Up a Spill - the MSDS

Proper Perspective

General Procedures Personnel Safety

        61          Experimental Design

Mini-Scale Experiments

Micro-Sca!e Experiments

                 Plastic ware

Micro-Scale Glassware

69          D(. Representative Modifications of Popular Experiments

69        Energy and Entropy: Phase Changes

70        Water of Crystallization and Empirical

Formula of a Hydrate

70        Mass and Mole Relationships in a

Chemical Reaction

71        Investigating the Law of Conservation of Mass-Energy

72        Kool-AidTM Chromatography

74        Woodrow Wilson - NSF/Dreyfus Program

75        The Formula of a Compound

        79        Iodine Clock Kinetics

        85        Diffusion in a Tube

        89        Boyle's Law

        95        X. Suggested Safety Committee Program

        99        XI. Student Involvement

3

        101        Bibliography

Laboratory Mamals

IV.        Mi•croscale Laboratory Manu*

V.        waste Oispoea'

VI.        cetaogs

 Con»uter Sofiware

Vill_   equipment

 Phone Numbes

X, General

X Ill. posuuae

4

DISCLAIMER

No chemical procedure can be guaranteed "safe". All experiments recommended in this manual appear to present minimum hazards. However, there is no guarantee, expressed or implied, that an experiment or procedure will not cause injury. Each teacher selecting an experiment should try it out under carefully controlled conditions before using it as a class exercise. Any necessary safety precautions should be added to the material given to the students. Activities which cannot be deemed safe for students should be altered in their delivery mode, have additional safety factors added or be deleted totally.

Participants

        Alice 0_ Anderson        Rodney M Bost

        Emsley A. vaney Hlgh School        All"hany High

Acacen-w Street

 28675

 G121nskj

 Hlgh StM01 East Forsyth High ScM01 prennn, NC 2e734   NC 27284

         Wethersbee        CalhY W00ten

        W_ G.         High $cMol        Kinston High

         24 Claren«n Crescent        Kingon. NC

 NC 27610

01. H. A. oepanment ot Cò•emistry North State University

Ra"hl NC 27"5-8234

l. Introduction

Se0R$0R

TF" PoEuiiM1 Preventbn Pays Program ol Iha Nodh Canina Depanment et

        Naturel Resources         Community Devaloprngnt provided fuMS lor this

Their 3tmort is gredty

the country «e perpleyedl ara to courses in dEr1*3try but are wamed ltvt the use ol may resullin semus should an

Regulatiôłs         'he         Q$po-;al ăłenfeals are pro"erdi", but are Aven little         and 12$$ tlmg end n•nney Io pmerty implement Ihem_ Facililies high sci-ml laboratories and chernnal slMeroams are  ina&quate and rarely sem.re_

manual, the ”STOP" Manuelhas baen NUtr1 CĘroEna Departmanl oi Public Insin.ntion- Dr. William ha; proaxed cuniless bcal aM workshops contents ot the aurw.al eră to generally nesă xoper s.alely in Iha scmos Tha manua in Eght the mosl recent regulałicns, particulâdy in the areas M ară măr dispcsâl

PRES&'T PRQJECT

A Ou.łmeni problarrg o' hazaróus  and the busy high săol îtraighdorward, pr*ZaI  up•   recom• mendations on hewto with the ever  Ot hezereo'$ ma• łenałs ii neeăea.

        Thi; Meurn•nł lg imponani to tha teaclErs, stu&nts         dt/zens ol NM1h

        Caro#na because Oi the quanliigs         dvgrslty ol hazardaus material*

$cund in aur schods I h9waste thal i* generată y*tiy. arid the         on purchasecflarge  unnecessaey cnemea.žs. Theexcesscnemcas on snełvŕs         increasn•g eecn year         morman' and         oftheľdi;POS* conłinue to •scalatŕ.

From the begi nning. it has Our bel*' that tul so ctselyarect me classroom teacær be xoauced onty experienced high chemi3ry teachers. We mere-fore selected fru-n locations the state (see •earlidpants•. p. 5)_ Tt'Be teachers werg on basis of re-commendeicns and personal Of iNir abili* accompli*hrneüts. They brought to the 01 Cremi$try on the ampus ct carolina Stae untv«stty lor an intensive one week during July 'i 987 The teaNrs sifed through rHeriHl end the presem A dran was pres•med ai 1988 NMIh Canine Sdence Teachers Association Congenion in Asrnville and was extensively re•   by leactErs other prolesdonals.

Two na1i-Ma)y known to works}m coneunanls- The "st, Kenneth L Williamson of W. College, a member Oi the Nati0MI Academy Of See-rwe$ that prodJced the hid-nark •Prudent Præ• tÉes tor tlæ Oivosal LabMa10ry Waste" end oi and MZtoscik orsatlc expesments•. D'. .Jæk Germen. tne Stae wtment Of a trequert cn hazardN_1s W-aMe i--s*les in he and 01 the imponant new mtro-convuter Total Sdence %lety Syslyn Gra&-s 7, 1 d'_ Mrs. Helen Story Creensbo•o, a h"hl-y and æclamed HIQh School Chenslry tead•., wæ reta]ned a cmsunantacw adviüiO trn pr"tam. Or. Wiliam Spoxter. NC DepenmeM oi P•tNZ Ins-Inx-lim served as a coasunent to tne program by Dr_ H_ Wahl. the NC$U Depanme•nt Crgml-ary.

Tn• goal ot •ms ucuxwo-i is to 'Mtn sources 01 ana some new ideas ab«.n h• school ct•emi$lry *0.gram we believe that cmmistry need waliiy tiæ as an program and lhs eipefieme Shoo" be In the rm-s.t emiron• mentalr sourd mamer pos-Abk.

All eoenences nwst be caretuny by me teachers. One important in sele«irg aluys P Does the banA5j exceed the Those maponSbk making OcEsions on arg •sate' musTc,onside-r many faders: 1 grade level il is being us"; 3} the an-d satety b-EkgtuM Ot lhe teatt*t Wif* it:

4) ih€DhYSiCäI avaihbiity sakty equipment. Earamcen enw nuke such *teninatbns if they have carefuly stLÉied the heakh and safety hazards present in their'

Thé  

- Fie Blanket

Eany sach year. teactws smuec emulate one   to insure that all •.ulp-ment is wc"ing arS that lhe students and teacIEß kmw Fow 10 h_

  to the frequent turnovel of end irregular an inventory 01 cti€mtats onen ea.an.llatäd. Sltxe most teacn«s tnemsewe-$ oentk€d. they navelilte nonunitvtorücethisbedlog of Further not given         10 propery mamge Ihase inherited chemical TO simpiW p:oce55 and auke up&es eas.i&l, lhs I n ventc:u-y 38-3iion ot tNs descröes pwcesz tl-* *Ott-ware iviila*.

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