Sistema Nervioso

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA

Enfermedades del sistema nervioso

Nervous system disease

Martínez Pantoja Hilda Rocío

26/11/2014

Nervous System Disease

Los términos los seleccione son del área de neurología, es la especialidad encargada de estudiar los trastornos del sistema nervioso. El sistema nervioso es una red de tejidos que se encarga de captar y procesar señales para que el organismo pueda interactuar eficazmente. En mi trabajo de terminología me base en las enfermedades del sistema nervioso. Para seleccionar los términos me base en videos, artículos, libros y páginas en línea de medicina. Utilice las enfermedades más comunes o de mayor importancia en la actualidad, para que sea un glosario funcional a estudiantes de medicina, traductores o incluso doctores especializados o no en neurología. Con este glosario medico se pretende romper las barreras que existen entre idiomas o incluso por conocimiento.

Videos

Nervous system disease (siao, 2012)

 Alzheimer’s disease

o The most common cause of dementia in western civilization. It affects more women than men, and the clinical course generally lasts approximately five years. The younger the individual is at the onset of the disease, the more severe the deficits patient.

 Multiple sclerosis

o The most common demyelinating disease afflicting humans. It is a chronic disease affecting more women than men often leading to progressive neurological deterioration and ataxic paraplegia.

 Parkinson’s disease

o Characterized by a slowing of voluntary movements, bradykinesia, muscular rigidity and tremor at rest.

 Pituitary adenoma

o These tumors are being and are usually composed of secretory cells from the anterior lobe of the pituitary.

 Tourette syndrome

o This syndrome begins in childhood and manifests itself through various forms and tics. These tics include frequent, irregular movements of the head, neck, or shoulders. They also may be more complex motor behaviors such as snorting, sniffing, and involuntary vocalization.

 Cerebello - Olivary degeneration of holmes

o This is a rare, autosomally-inherited disease that leads to the progressive degeneration of the cerebellar cortex and the inferior olivary nucleus within the medulla.

 Choroid papilloma

o These tumors from most commonly in the fourth ventricle and mainly affect children during the first year of life. If untreated they result in hydrocephalus and symptoms of headache, lethargy, stupor and weakness of the legs.

 Locked in syndrome

o This syndrome is due to stroke, tumor or trauma to the ventral part of the rostral pons.

 Wilsons disease

o This disease is caused by the inheritance of a mutation on chromosome 13. The mutation prevents the body from eliminating excess copper.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS (rehealthify, 2014)

Your autonomic nervous system is the part of your nervous system that controls involuntary actions, such as the beating of your heart and the widening or narrowing of your blood vessels. When something goes wrong in your system it can cause serious problems including; blood pressure problems, heart problems, trouble with breathing and swallowing, erectile dysfunction in men. Autonomic nervous system disorders can occur alone or as the result of another disease, such as Parkinson’s disease, alcoholism and diabetes.

Problems can affect either part of the system, as in complex regional pain syndromes, or all the system. Some types are temporary, but many worsen over time. When they affect your breathing or heart function, these disorders can be life-threatening. Some autonomic nervous system disorders get better when and underlying disease is treated. Often, however, there is no cure. In that case, the goal of treatment is to improve symptoms.

Nervous system disorders (kite, 2013)

 Schizophrenia

 Depression

 Addiction

 Alzheimer’s

 Parkinson’s

Nervous system disease (des moines university)

 Multiple Sclerosis – Literally, “many hardenings,” MS is a disease of unknown cause that manifests as multiple hard plaques of degeneration of the insulating layer of nerve fibers in the central nervous system. The loss of insulation allows “short circuiting” of nerve impulses. Depending upon where the degeneration occurs, patients may suffer paralysis, sensory disturbances or blindness.

 Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) - the fancy name for a “stroke”. A blood vessel in the brain may burst causing internal bleeding. Or, a clot may arise in a brain blood vessel (a thrombus), or arise elsewhere (embolus) and travel to get stuck in a brain vessel which then deprives brain tissue of oxygen. Depending upon the area of the brain involved, the patient may suffer paralysis, loss of speech or loss of vision.

 Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) - “Ischemia” was introduced previously in the circulatory diseases module referring to the heart. It literally means “not quite enough blood”. A short period of insufficient blood supply to the brain can have the same signs and symptoms as a stroke such as weakness in an arm, a partial loss of vision, but the problem lasts less than 24 hours. People who get TIA’s are at increased risk of having a stroke in the future.

 Epilepsy - a Greek word for “seizure.” Convulsions are another term used. Seizures may have many causes and not all seizures are epilepsy. High fevers in young children may trigger seizures which are short in duration, easily

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