Framework theoretical

Framework  theoretical

A green roof , green roof or roof garden is the roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation, either in soil or in a suitable culture medium . It does not refer to green roofs such as tiles that color nor to ceilings with container gardens . It refers instead to technologies used on ceilings to improve habitat or saving energy , ie technologies that serve an ecological function. The term green roof is also used to indicate other "green " technologies such as photovoltaic solar panels or photovoltaic modules. Other names for green roofs are living roofs and green roofs .

Advantages

A modern green roof (California Academy of Sciences). Built for minimal care using either non-native plants resistant to harsh climate of a techo.1

Green roofs can be used to:

Grow fruits, vegetables and flowers

Improve the building's HVAC

Prolong the life of the roof

Reduce the risk of flooding

Filter air pollutants and CO2; Walls culture see also

Act as a sound barrier; soil blocks low-frequency sounds and plants the high frecuencia.2

Filter pollutants and heavy metals from rainwater

Protecting biodiversity in urban areas

A green roof is a key component of an autonomous building.

A 2005 study by Brad Bass of the University of Toronto showed that green roofs can also reduce heat loss and reduce energy consumption invierno.3

In a recent study on the impact of green structures in the area of ​​Manchester researchers found that green roofs helped lower temperatures especially in urban areas, "adding green roofs to all structures can have dramatic effects on surface temperature keeping the temperature below the years 1961-1990 averages ... Green roofs have greater impact ... where the ratio is high and the buildings evaporation rate is low. So the biggest difference occurs in the center of stocks

History and Uses

Grass roof on a farm eighteenth century Heidal, Norway.

Green roof of Chicago City Hall, Illinois.

Green roof Store Mountain Equipment Co-op in Toronto, Canada.

Modern green roofs deliberately placed to maintain vegetation in a culture medium are a relatively recent phenomenon. However Scandinavia grass roofs were used for many centuries. The modern trend began when Germany developed the first in the 1960s and have now spread to many countries. It is estimated that about 10% of the roofs in Germany are verdes.7 They are becoming popular in Europe and to a lesser extent in the United States.

Some European countries, including Germany, Switzerland, Holland, Hungary, Sweden and the UK, have associations promoting ceilings verdes.8 The city of Linz in Austria pays builders to install green roofs. In Switzerland there is a federal law on green roofs. Britain began slowly but policies on this issue have become very effective, especially in London and Sheffield.

Combat heat island effect [edit]

It is another important building roofs verdes.9 Traditional buildings absorb solar radiation and then emitted as heat ratio, making cities have higher temperatures than surrounding areas at least 4 ° C. On the roof of City Hall in Chicago the temperature in very hot days is usually 1.4 to 4.4 ° C lower than that of traditional buildings circundantes.

Considerations

Green roofs are more structural, especially intensive. Some existing buildings can not be modified because not support the weight of soil and vegetation. Maintenance costs may be higher depending on the type of roof. Also of importance is the waterproofing: install adequate proof raincoat roots may increase the cost of installation.

Construction

Green roofs incorporated under the ground an antirraíces geotextile sheet to prevent leakage of sand can clog drains and to prevent plant roots can damage the lower elements of construction. Panels also typically incorporate nodes, which have button-shaped reliefs which can dam up a small amount of water. Thus, plants can access the reservation in dry seasons. Under these sheets thermal insulation (usually rigid panels) to support the weight of the soil and plants without deforming and waterproofing layer of the building is locate

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