Ensayo libro Mundo de sofia

Introducción

        Nuestro trabajo fue realizado con la intensión de platearnos preguntas acerca de la existencia humana, el universo y la naturaleza. Al leer el libro el mundo de Sofía nos identificamos con su historia. Cuando niños nos planteamos diversas preguntas acerca de lo desconocido como: ¿De dónde viene el mundo?,  donde las respuestas que nos otorgan resultan difícil de  poder comprender. La sociedad nos enseña una realidad que quizás no es la verdad del todo. Contribuyeron a dar respuestas a los enigmas humanos los filósofos y sofistas. Gracias a ellos hoy podemos saber lo que nos han enseñado acerca de naturaleza, materia, física, matemática, astronomía, ect. Mediantes la creación de conceptos claves en páginas posteriores, podemos dar respuestas a nuestras preguntas. Derribar mitos fue misión de los filósofos griegos, entre los siglos VII y VI a. C siendo una manera revolucionaria de pensamiento que apuesta por la razón como el instrumento de conocimiento y del dominio de la realidad.

        La novela el mundo de Sofía abarca temas filosóficos en que una niña de 14 años, llamada Sofía Amundsen, que está pronta a cumplir quince años. Un poco fastidiada por no poder compartir con su madre temas profundos. Donde su vida cambia ya que un día recibe la carta de un filósofo que contiene dos preguntas: ¿Quién eres? ¿De dónde vienes?.

         Posteriormente, por tercera vez, Sofía encuentra una carta en el buzón, la cual va dirigida a Hilde Moller Knag, y es escrita por el padre de esta chica, felicitándola por su cumpleaños, al tiempo en que hace referencia a Sofía. Las cosas están totalmente fuera de control, la carta tiene su dirección, pero no está dirigida a ella, sino más bien a una extraña, quien sin embargo parece conocerla, aun cuando ella no sabe quién es. Más sorprendente le resulta que ambas cumplan 15 años el mismo día: 15 de junio, fecha para la que falta todo un mes. Sofía continúa recibiendo cartas de este filósofo que le da clases de filosofía, el objetivo del filósofo es que a medida que va creciendo físicamente y psicológicamente, otorgar respuestas a sus preguntas para la formación de su identidad. Mediante la historia de la filosofía occidental, oriental, y la creación de las ciencias naturales y sociales.

        Indagaremos en Atenas cuidad ubicada en Grecia, centro cultural donde vivieron muchos de los grandes artistas, escritores y filósofos de la Antigüedad. Donde se gestaron los proyectos de cada uno de estos hombres incomprendidos, por poner en duda la concepción mítica de las explicaciones a los fenómenos naturales que daba el hombre sobre el mundo (verdad develada por religiones). Dando así como importante precedente una manera científica y racional de elaborar las ideas subjetivas con el surgimiento de las ciudades estado (polis).  La polis no es forma de gobierno sino que, hace referencia a cómo los griegos se organizaban a sí mismos en comunidad. Institución cuyos ciudadanos participaban en las decisiones sobre los problemas comunes a diferencia de todas las formas de organización de los pueblos anteriores puesto que alguien que por alguna razón natural o sobrenatural asumía las decisiones y establecía las leyes.

Abstract

        The novel "Sophie's World" focuses on narrating the life of Sophie Amundsen, a 14-year-old who lives with his parents. Although the father is rather an absent figure, as it works as captain of a big oil abroad.

        Sofia is a high school student. With her best friend, Jorunn, they held several conversations. One of them was focused on the question of whether the human brain was like a computer. The protagonist thought the man had something more than a machine. In one of his homecomings, correspondence in an envelope just saying: "Sophie Amundsen" with management. Inside it there was only one question, "Who are you?". To the girl he was shocking, because she thought she knew who he was. However, following that question he began to question his essence. the mirror is placed and wondered if Sophie Amundsen. With these questions came to doubt who she was, in front of the mirror he answered - You are me and I am you.

        It was therefore decided to leave the burden to the outside, where the existential questions addressed his thoughts: what is real ?, What was the human being ?, Will there be life after death ?, why he had received that envelope? .

        It was the last correspondence received. Again in the box was another envelope with another question: "Where does the world?". This led to other questions that rocked his teenage convictions: where did the universe come from? In addition, he could not help thinking about why this correspondence and if there was malice in it. Everything was happening to him was part of a mystery.

        Later, when reviewing the mailbox, he found a postcard that was not directed at her, but Hilde Möller. Sofia did not understand the reason for it, because the name was wrong, but the address was hers. The content of the postcard was a birthday greeting to Hilde, who coincidently met the same year (15) the same day as the protagonist. She thought that all this was related correspondence. These letters the haunted so running class to check the mailbox of your house. This is how he found a large envelope with his name saying "philosophy course. Handle with care. " Opening it, he found three typewritten pages, where they talked about what was the philosophy and the origin of the questions that led to think beyond what we see.

        The correspondence continued, he received a second lesson called "a stranger", which spoke of the sense of wonder that all human beings have to consult reality and the new things in our lives. The next day was the lesson "The mythical world view" that focused on the difference between the mythological explanation and explanations that can be given using the reasoning after the passage of logo.

        That same afternoon, her mother informs her that has a letter for her. The teenager, nervous, not counting receives what it is. The mother infers that it is a pretender and Sofia access that explanation to boot your hid to read the next lesson, which speaks of "sharp nature". In it, the main ancient philosophical principles explained, those that expose the origin of things in the natural environment, as the elements of nature. It also believed that there was a matter that was the source of all changes. It also speaks of Thales who could measure the height of a single pyramid with the projection of shadow and postulated that water was the source of life for all. The second philosopher who was speaking Anoximandro, and thought that everything is born and appears in something called the "Undefined". Was the last philosopher Parmenides, who postulated that all that existed was always eternal. With these three sharp Rationalism starts.

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